Voter Education Glossary

Understanding Louisville Metro Government & Policy

This comprehensive glossary explains 375 terms related to Louisville Metro government, policy, and civic engagement. Each term includes Louisville-specific context and explains why it matters to you as a voter.

M

Mini Police Substation

Small neighborhood police office (approximately 5,000 square feet) where 6 officers work rotating shifts for 24/7 coverage, assigned to walk […]
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Mini Substation

A small neighborhood police facility – typically storefront or community center space – where officers work regular shifts, interact with […]
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Missing Middle Housing

Housing types between single-family homes and large apartments: duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, townhomes, small apartment buildings. ‘Missing’ because zoning prohibits them […]
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Mixed-Income Housing

Developments intentionally including units for various income levels—market-rate, moderate-income, and low-income—in same building or community. Promotes economic integration, reduces concentrated […]
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N

Nature Center

Educational facilities providing environmental education, nature programs, hiking trails, and outdoor experiences, typically located within parks or natural areas. Nature […]
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Needle Exchange Program

Public health services that provide clean syringes to people who inject drugs in exchange for used ones, preventing transmission of […]
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No-Knock Warrant

A search warrant allowing police to enter a home without knocking or announcing themselves first. Courts grant no-knock warrants when […]
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Nonpartisan Election

An election where candidates don’t run with party labels (Democrat, Republican, etc.) and party organizations don’t officially endorse. Louisville Metro […]
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Nutrition Access

Ability to obtain healthy, affordable food necessary for proper nutrition and health. Nutrition access requires not just food availability but […]
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O

Occupational Tax

Tax on wages earned by people working in Louisville (currently 1.45% for city services, 0.75% for county services = 2.2% […]
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Olmsted Parks

A historic system of 18 parks and 6 parkways designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted’s firm (designer of New […]
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Open Data

Government data made freely available to the public in machine-readable formats that anyone can access, use, and share without restrictions. […]
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Open Source Software

Computer software with source code freely available for anyone to inspect, modify, and enhance. Open source software contrasts with proprietary […]
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Operating Budget

Money spent on day-to-day operations like salaries, supplies, and services. As opposed to capital spending, these are ongoing costs that […]
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Operating Expenses

Day-to-day costs like supplies, utilities, vehicle fuel, and equipment maintenance. Everything that isn’t salary or capital. Electricity bills, office supplies, […]
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Operation Ceasefire

A focused deterrence strategy combining targeted law enforcement with community outreach and social services to reduce gang and group violence. […]
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Opportunity Zone

Federal tax incentive program allowing investors to defer capital gains taxes by investing in designated low-income areas. Controversial: benefits wealthy […]
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Ordinance

A local law passed by Metro Council and signed by the mayor (or passed over mayoral veto). Ordinances cover everything […]
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Outdoor Recreation

Physical activities in natural settings including hiking, biking, fishing, canoeing, camping, birdwatching, and nature exploration. Outdoor recreation provides exercise, mental […]
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Overdose Prevention

Strategies to prevent deaths from drug overdoses, particularly opioid overdoses. Prevention includes naloxone (Narcan) distribution to reverse overdoses, education recognizing […]
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Override

When Metro Council votes to pass a law despite the mayor’s veto. Requires more votes than the original passage (usually […]
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P

Park Equity

Ensuring all residents have equal access to quality parks and recreation facilities regardless of neighborhood income, race, or geography. Park […]
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Parking Minimums

Zoning requirements mandating minimum parking spaces for developments (e.g., 2 spaces per apartment). Increases costs, wastes land, encourages driving, and […]
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Participatory Budgeting

Democratic process where residents directly vote on how to spend a portion of the public budget. YOU attend community meetings, […]
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Pattern or Practice Investigation

A federal civil rights investigation by the U.S. Department of Justice examining whether a police department engages in systemic unconstitutional […]
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Pay Equity

Principle that people should receive equal pay for work of equal value, regardless of gender. Louisville women currently earn 82 […]
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Pedestrian Infrastructure

Facilities enabling safe walking: sidewalks, crosswalks, pedestrian signals, curb ramps, street lighting, and benches. Basic requirement for walkable neighborhoods but […]
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Pension Contributions

Money the city pays into retirement funds for employees. Required by law and contract. Like matching your 401(k), but for […]
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Performance-Based Compensation

Additional pay or bonuses based on meeting specific goals or demonstrating excellence. Part of comprehensive employee compensation beyond base salary […]
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Permanent Supportive Housing

Affordable housing combined with supportive services (mental health, addiction treatment, case management) for people experiencing chronic homelessness or disabilities. Housing […]
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Personnel Costs

Salaries, benefits, and payroll taxes for city employees. Usually 60-70% of most department budgets. This includes health insurance, retirement contributions, […]
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Phased Implementation

Rolling out programs gradually over multiple years rather than all at once. Example: Building 12 mini substations in Year 1, […]
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Pilot Program

Small-scale test of a program before full implementation. Some programs may pilot in one district before expanding citywide.
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Planning Commission

A board that reviews proposed developments, zoning changes, and land use plans to ensure they align with Louisville’s Comprehensive Plan. […]
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Playground

Outdoor recreation areas for children featuring equipment like swings, slides, climbing structures, and play areas. Quality playgrounds provide age-appropriate equipment, […]
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Plea Bargain

An agreement where a defendant pleads guilty to reduced charges or receives a lighter sentence recommendation in exchange for avoiding […]
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Police Accountability

Mechanisms ensuring law enforcement officers and departments are held responsible for their actions, including civilian oversight, transparent data, and consequences […]
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Police Accountability Board

A civilian oversight body with authority to review police misconduct complaints, investigate officers, and recommend discipline. Louisville currently lacks a […]
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Police Union

The labor organization representing police officers in contract negotiations, grievances, and disciplinary appeals. Louisville’s Fraternal Order of Police (FOP) is […]
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Political Action Committee (PAC)

An organization that collects political contributions from members and donates them to campaigns or causes. PACs must register with the […]
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Poll Worker

A trained local citizen who staffs polling locations on Election Day and during early voting, checking voter registrations, providing ballots, […]
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Polling Location

The physical place where voters in a precinct cast their ballots—typically schools, community centers, churches, or fire stations. In Jefferson […]
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Position Reassignment

Moving employees to different jobs within government without layoffs. Example: Some administrative staff reassigned to wellness centers or community programs. […]
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Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)

A metric measuring how efficiently a data center uses electricity, calculated by dividing total facility energy use by energy used […]
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Pre-K Expansion

Increasing access to quality preschool programs for 3- and 4-year-old children, particularly in low-income neighborhoods. Research shows pre-K yields $7 […]
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Pre-Trial Detention

Holding someone in jail before their trial. Most people in Louisville Metro Corrections are pre-trial, not convicted criminals.
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Precinct

A geographic area within Louisville where voters cast ballots at the same polling location. Jefferson County has approximately 380 precincts, […]
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Pretrial Detention

Jailing criminal defendants before trial—before conviction, while presumed innocent. Pretrial detention is supposed to prevent flight risk or danger to […]
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Pretrial Services

An agency that evaluates arrested people for release before trial, monitors compliance with release conditions, and connects defendants to services […]
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Prevailing Wage

Hourly wage, benefits, and overtime paid to majority of workers in a particular occupation and area. Federal and some state […]
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