Voter Education Glossary

Understanding Louisville Metro Government & Policy

This comprehensive glossary explains 375 terms related to Louisville Metro government, policy, and civic engagement. Each term includes Louisville-specific context and explains why it matters to you as a voter.

D

Diversion Program

An alternative to traditional prosecution that redirects low-level offenders (especially first-timers and juveniles) into treatment, counseling, or community service instead […]
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Diversion Programs

Alternatives to jail for non-violent offenders (treatment, community service, monitoring). More effective than incarceration and much cheaper.
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Don’t Have ID?

You can still vote by signing an affidavit stating you are the registered voter. —
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Duty to Intervene

Legal requirement for police officers to stop fellow officers from using excessive force or violating civil rights. Creates peer accountability […]
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E

Early Childhood Education

Educational programs for children from birth to age 5, including prekindergarten, Head Start, and childcare programs. High-quality early childhood education […]
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Early Intervention System

A database tracking officer behavior—complaints, use of force, vehicle pursuits, etc.—to identify officers showing warning signs of problems before serious […]
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Early Voting

The period before Election Day when registered voters can cast ballots in person at designated locations. In Kentucky, early voting […]
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Early Warning System

A data-driven tool that tracks officer behavior patterns (use of force, complaints, missed trainings, etc.) to identify officers who may […]
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Early Warning System (Police)

Data-driven system that identifies officers with patterns of complaints, use of force incidents, or other concerning behaviors before serious misconduct […]
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Economic Development Incentive

Tax breaks, grants, or other financial benefits offered by government to attract businesses or development. Common types include: tax abatements, […]
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Economic Impact Study

An analysis estimating how a proposed development (like a data center) will affect the local economy through job creation, tax […]
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Education Attainment

The highest level of education individuals have completed, measured by census and surveys (less than high school, high school diploma, […]
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Educational Benefits

Programs that help employees pay for college, job training, or professional development. Dave’s budget includes tuition assistance for employees pursuing […]
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Election Certification

The official process where election results are verified, audited, and declared final by election officials. In Jefferson County, the County […]
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Election Observer

An individual authorized to monitor polling places and vote counting to ensure proper election procedures and transparency. In Kentucky, political […]
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Electrical Substation

A facility where voltage is transformed from high to low or vice versa, and where electrical connections are made. Large […]
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Energy Burden

The percentage of household income spent on home energy costs (electricity, gas, fuel oil). Energy burden averages 3-4% for median-income […]
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Energy Efficiency

Using less energy to perform the same task or produce the same result, typically through better technology, insulation, or practices. […]
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Enterprise Zone

Designated area where businesses receive tax incentives and regulatory relief to encourage investment in economically distressed neighborhoods. Federal and state […]
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Environmental Compliance

Adherence to federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations governing air quality, water quality, waste management, stormwater, and pollution. […]
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Environmental Justice

Fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regarding environmental laws and policies. Addresses how environmental burdens (pollution, toxic sites) […]
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Equal Pay Audit

Systematic review of compensation data to identify and correct gender-based pay disparities. Dave’s policy requires annual audits for Metro government […]
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Equitable Development

Development that provides benefits to all residents, particularly low-income residents and communities of color, without causing displacement. Equitable development includes […]
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Eviction Prevention

Programs and policies that help tenants avoid eviction through emergency rental assistance, legal aid, mediation, and tenant protections. Much cheaper […]
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Evidence-Based Budgeting

Making spending decisions based on proven results from research and other cities’ experiences, not political promises or assumptions. Dave’s budget […]
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Executive Branch

The Mayor and departments that implement laws and deliver services. The “doers” of government.
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Expungement

The legal process of sealing or destroying criminal records so they don’t appear in background checks, helping people move on […]
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F

Fair Chance Hiring

Employment practices that give people with criminal records fair opportunity for jobs by delaying background checks until after initial screening, […]
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Fiber Optic Network

High-speed internet infrastructure using light pulses through glass cables to transmit data at speeds up to 100 times faster than […]
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Fire Prevention Center

A community-based facility focused on fire safety education, smoke detector installation, home safety inspections, and fire prevention outreach—especially for seniors […]
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Fire Prevention Centers

Community facilities focused on teaching fire safety, conducting free home inspections, installing smoke detectors, and preventing fires before they start. […]
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Fiscal Year (FY)

Louisville’s budget year runs from July 1 to June 30. FY 2025-2026 means July 1, 2025 through June 30, 2026. […]
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Flood Prevention

Infrastructure and planning strategies that reduce flooding risk to protect lives, property, and public safety. Approaches include stormwater management systems, […]
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Focused Deterrence

A policing strategy that concentrates enforcement resources on the small number of individuals most likely to commit violence, while simultaneously […]
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Food Desert

Areas where residents lack access to affordable, nutritious food—typically defined as living more than 1 mile from a supermarket in […]
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Frequency (Transit)

How often transit arrives—the most important factor in ridership. High frequency = every 10-15 minutes or better, meaning riders don’t […]
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G

Gender-Responsive Budgeting

Analyzing government budgets for differential impacts on women and men, ensuring equitable resource allocation. Part of Dave’s fiscal equity framework […]
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General Election

The main election where voters choose between candidates from different parties (or independents) for public office. In Louisville, the mayoral […]
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Gentrification

The transformation of low-income neighborhoods through influx of wealthier residents, businesses, and development, increasing property values and costs while displacing […]
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Technology that captures, stores, analyzes, and displays geographically referenced data—essentially creating maps with layers of information. Government uses GIS for […]
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Green Infrastructure

Nature-based systems that manage stormwater, reduce urban heat, improve air quality, and provide community benefits using vegetation, soil, and natural […]
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Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Gases (primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) released by human activities that trap heat in the atmosphere and cause […]
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Greenway

Linear parks following creeks, rivers, or abandoned rail lines, providing walking/biking trails, recreation access, wildlife habitat, and green infrastructure managing […]
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GRYD (Gang Reduction and Youth Development)

Los Angeles’s comprehensive public health approach to gang violence, combining community engagement, prevention programming for at-risk youth, intervention services for […]
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H

Harm Reduction

A public health approach that meets people struggling with addiction where they are, providing services to reduce health risks and […]
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Health Insurance Coverage

Having public or private health insurance that pays for medical care, preventing financial catastrophe from healthcare costs. The uninsured delay […]
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Home Rule

Constitutional authority allowing local governments to pass laws on local matters without seeking permission from the state legislature for every […]
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Hot Spot Policing

Data-driven law enforcement strategy concentrating resources on small geographic areas with disproportionately high crime rates. Typically 5-10% of locations generate […]
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Housing First

Homelessness intervention providing permanent housing without preconditions (sobriety, treatment compliance, employment), then offering supportive services. Proven more effective and cheaper […]
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Housing Trust Fund

Dedicated public fund for affordable housing development and preservation, capitalized through taxes, fees, or budget allocations. Provides grants and loans […]
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