Voter Education Glossary

Understanding Louisville Metro Government & Policy

This comprehensive glossary explains 375 terms related to Louisville Metro government, policy, and civic engagement. Each term includes Louisville-specific context and explains why it matters to you as a voter.

S

Service Quality Metrics

Measurable standards for how well government services are delivered. Examples: Average response times, customer satisfaction ratings, facility cleanliness scores, program […]
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Single-Family Zoning

Zoning laws restricting areas to detached single-family homes only, prohibiting duplexes, apartments, and other housing types. Originated in 1920s as […]
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Sliding Scale Healthcare

Medical services priced based on patients’ ability to pay, with low-income patients paying reduced fees and the very poor receiving […]
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Small Business Incubator

Facility providing startups and entrepreneurs with affordable workspace, business services, mentorship, and networking opportunities. Reduces failure rates by supporting businesses […]
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Smart City

Using technology, data, and connectivity to improve city services, infrastructure efficiency, and quality of life. Smart city applications include intelligent […]
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SNAP Benefits (Food Stamps)

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program provides monthly benefits (loaded on EBT cards) to help low-income individuals and families purchase food. […]
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Social Capital

The networks, relationships, and trust among community members that enable collective action, mutual support, and cooperation. Strong social capital means […]
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Social Enterprise

Businesses organized to achieve social missions (reducing poverty, employing people with barriers, environmental protection) while generating revenue through selling goods […]
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Social Services Navigation

Helping people access programs they qualify for (food stamps, Medicaid, housing assistance, job training). Wellness centers help residents navigate the […]
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Solid Waste Management

The collection, transportation, processing, recycling, and disposal of garbage, yard waste, and recyclables. Louisville Metro provides curbside collection of trash, […]
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Standing Committee

A permanent Metro Council committee that meets regularly to review specific types of legislation and oversee certain city departments. Unlike […]
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Stormwater Fee

A charge on property owners based on impervious surface area (roofs, driveways, parking lots) to fund stormwater management infrastructure. Unlike […]
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Stormwater Management

Systems and practices that control rainwater runoff to prevent flooding, reduce pollution, and protect water quality. Traditional stormwater management uses […]
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Straight-Ticket Voting

The option to vote for all candidates from one political party by making a single mark on the ballot. Kentucky […]
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Street Outreach

Violence interruption teams that work directly with high-risk individuals in communities to prevent conflicts and reduce violence. Trained community members […]
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Strong Mayor System

A mayor-council structure where the mayor has substantial executive powers including appointing department heads, preparing the budget, and vetoing legislation. […]
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Substance Abuse Treatment

Medical and counseling services for addiction. Much more effective and cheaper than jail for non-violent drug offenses.
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Summer Learning Programs

Educational activities during summer break that prevent ‘summer slide’—the learning loss that occurs when students are out of school for […]
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Summer Slide

Academic learning loss that occurs during extended summer breaks, particularly devastating for low-income students. Research shows disadvantaged students lose 2-3 […]
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Super PAC

A Political Action Committee that can raise and spend unlimited money to support or oppose candidates, but cannot coordinate directly […]
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Superintendent

The chief executive officer of a school district, hired by the school board to manage daily operations, implement board policies, […]
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Surplus

When revenue exceeds spending. Extra money can go to reserves or one-time projects. Dave’s budget maintains healthy reserves.
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Sustainability Office

A dedicated government department that coordinates environmental and sustainability initiatives across all city operations, implements climate action plans, tracks progress […]
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Swimming Pool Access

Availability of public swimming facilities for recreation, exercise, water safety education, and cooling during summer heat. Public pools provide free […]
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T

TARC (Transit Authority of River City)

Louisville’s public bus system, providing 2.8 million rides annually across 50+ routes. Governed by independent authority, funded by Metro government, […]
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Tax Base

The total value of everything that can be taxed (property, income, sales, etc.). A growing tax base means the city […]
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Tax Increment Financing (TIF)

A development tool where future property tax increases from a project are used to finance current improvements. The area is […]
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Teacher Recruitment and Retention

Strategies to attract qualified teachers to the profession and keep them in the classroom rather than leaving for other careers. […]
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Technology Procurement

The process government uses to purchase technology systems, software, and services. Traditional procurement emphasizes lowest bid and rigid specifications written […]
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Tenant Rights

Legal protections for renters including: habitable conditions, privacy, anti-discrimination, fair eviction procedures, security deposit protections, and retaliation prohibitions. Stronger in […]
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The Difference

Not the amount (both $1.2B), but HOW it’s spent: – Current administration: Centralized police precincts → Biggers: 63 neighborhood substations […]
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Title IX

Federal law prohibiting sex discrimination in education programs receiving federal funding. Covers athletics, sexual harassment, and equal educational opportunity. Dave’s […]
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Traffic Calming

Street design techniques slowing vehicles and improving safety: speed humps, curb extensions, raised crosswalks, chicanes, roundabouts. Makes streets safer for […]
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Traffic Stop Data Collection

Systematically recording demographics, reason for stop, search occurrence, and outcomes of all police traffic stops to identify patterns of racial […]
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Transfer

Moving money from one fund to another. Sometimes confusing, but it’s just internal accounting to get money where it needs […]
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Transit-Oriented Development

Compact, mixed-use development near public transit stations designed to increase ridership and reduce car dependence. Includes housing, retail, offices within […]
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Transparency

Making government operations, decisions, and budgets open and accessible to the public. Dave’s budget is the most transparent in Louisville […]
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Transparency Dashboard

Public website showing real-time budget data, program outcomes, and spending. Dave commits to creating this.
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Trauma Support

Counseling and services for individuals who have experienced violence, abuse, or other traumatic events. Part of violence prevention programs – […]
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Trauma-Informed Care

Approach that recognizes how trauma affects people and provides appropriate support. Especially important for youth programs and violence intervention.
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Tree Canopy

The layer of leaves, branches, and stems of trees that cover the ground when viewed from above, measured as percentage […]
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Turnover Rate

Percentage of employees who leave their jobs each year. High turnover costs money in recruitment and training. Louisville currently loses […]
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U

Uptime

The percentage of time a data center’s systems remain operational without interruption. Enterprise data centers target 99.99% uptime (‘four nines’), […]
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Urban Forestry

Management and care of trees in cities and suburbs, including planting new trees, maintaining existing trees, removing hazardous trees, and […]
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Urban Heat Island Effect

The phenomenon where cities are significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas due to dark pavement, rooftops, and lack of vegetation […]
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Use of Force Continuum

A framework showing escalating levels of force officers can use in response to resistance, from verbal commands to deadly force. […]
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Use of Force Policy

Written rules governing when and how police can use physical force, weapons, or restraints against people. LMPD’s use of force […]
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Utility Rates

The prices charged for electricity, natural gas, water, and sewer services, typically measured per unit (kilowatt-hour for electricity, gallon or […]
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V

Veto

The mayor’s power to reject an ordinance passed by Metro Council. Council can override a veto with a supermajority vote.
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Veto Power

The mayor’s authority to reject legislation passed by Metro Council. The mayor has 10 days to veto an ordinance after […]
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